Вступление (параграф №1)
“Правильное” вступление состоит из 2-3 предложений и знакомит нас с проблемой, указанной в самом задании. Например, в примере нашего задания написано “what book genres are popular among teenagers”. Значит, нам нужно или вставить эту фразу в наш проект, или заменить там что-то на синонимы. Так же нужно упомянуть, что вы делаете проект, нашли материалы к нему и сейчас про это будете рассказывать.
!!!!!!!! It is hard to deny the importance of having a good rest. I have decided (НЕЛЬЗЯ) I AM DOING A ROJECT on how teenagers in Zetland relax after a busy day and I have found the THE TABLE with some relevant data to illustrate some of my ideas. Below I will give my comments on the results of the opinion polls.
!!!!!!! АУДИТОРИЯ, СТРАНА, ТЕМА, НАШЕЛ pie chart/table (не сам сделал) + OPINION POLLS
Еще клише для этого абзаца:
It is well known that (topic)
Nowadays more and more people (action connected with the topic)
Over the last few decades there has been a significant increase in the number of people who (do something connected with the topic).
(Topic) plays an important role in our life
Undoubtedly, all people (action connected with the topic)
Nowadays it is impossible to imagine … without …
THE PROJECT I AM WORKING ON IS AIMED AT ……
Основные фичи графика (параграф №2)
В плане сочинения во втором абзаце ученику предлагается высказать указать 2-3 главных факта из таблицы/графика или что там нам нужно проанализировать. Ничего сравнивать здесь не надо.
As we(нельзя) ONE can see from the table, 38% of the respondents prefer doing a hobby after a busy day, while eating tasty food is the least popular way of spending teenagers’ free time with only 6 % of teenagers doing it. Also, adolescents can spend time with their friends, sleep and walk in the open air to have a rest after a tiring day.
Клише:
According to the table/pie chart that I have found
As can be seen/ As one can see
the main features of this table/graph/pie chart …
one can see from the poll that …
the most popular … the least popular …
if ONE lookS at the graph/table/pie chart, IT CAN BE SEEN …
looking at the main features …
what stands out from the table/graph/ pie chart …
another striking feature is …
Сравнения (параграф №3)
В 3 абзаце нужно проанализировать данные из графика и представить 1-2 сравнения и свои комментарии к ним. Можно и 1, можно и 2 – все зависит от ваших идей и количества написанных слов.
НЕТ СВЯЗИ между тем, сколько вы фактов выделяли во 2-м абзаце и количеством сравнений в 3-м. Можно делать по-разному, главное – вписаться в план и лимит слов.
Сравниваем ЛЮБЫЕ черты, которые вам понравились в графике.
!!!!!! Сравнительные конструкции ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬНО. Смешивание времен НЕДОПУСТИМО.
Respondents (если есть), people (не нужно)
Looking at the figures in the table, we ONE can see that spending time with friends (noted by 31% of respondents) is almost twice as popular as sleeping, which stands at 15%, and almost three times more popular than walking in the open air (noted by 10 % of the respondents). It is not surprising as teenagers need communication to develop their personality.
Тут, как и во втором параграфе, нет единственно правильного ответа. Пишите про то, что вам кажется логичным.
Сюда отлично впишутся разные сравнительные структуры:
in comparison/ in contrast, …
on the other hand …/ However, … / Likewise, …
not as … as
more popular … than
while/ whereas / twice as many
although / but
И фразы для комментариев (безличные предложения):
It can be assumed/confirmed, it might be explained by the fact that…
It is worth mentioning that the DIFFERENCE (НЕ писать) between the percentage of people who are……. is very small only 1%. The explanation may lie in the fact that…
, which is not surprising as …
This can be explained by the fact that …
The main reason for that might be the fact that …
Проблема + решение (параграф №4)
Эта часть письменного задания будет самой объемной, потому что нужно указать проблему, связанную с темой проекта, и предложить её решение. Это может быть ЛЮБАЯ проблема по теме задания. В нашем примере она не обязательна связана именно с подростками, главное – она должна быть про чтение.
нужно указать и ПРОБЛЕМУ, И РЕШЕНИЕ.
There are some problems that can arise with ways of having a rest for teenagers. The main problem is that it is sometimes difficult to switch off from your studies and work, and instead of relaxing a person spends time thinking about what else to do later. The best solution to this problem would be going out as fresh air and change of scenery can help to forget about things that keep bothering you at home.
Клише для абзаца:
There are some problems that can arise with……
One problem is that ….
the main problem with … is …
the main problem faced by … is …
the foremost problem here is …
general solutions centre around …
one effective solution to deal with … is …
a solution that can prove successful is …
to solve the problem, ….
to tackle the problem, ….
НЕЛЬЗЯ!!! The statistics point to an underlying problem….
PRESENT PERFECT – НЕЛЬЗЯ, проект делает сейчас
A lot of = informal style
!!!!! A MUST: обозначить проблему + предложить решение
Заключение + мнение (параграф №5)
Cвое (не общее суждение) мнение по теме С ЗАДАНИЯ проекта (ЛУЧШЕ не менее 2 предложений
I would like to conclude by saying that relaxing is of primary importance for every person as it helps one to have a calmer and clearer mind which aids memory, positive thinking and concentration.
Выражения для подведения итогов:
To conclude/ sum up/ summarise
Overall …
In conclusion …
Клише для выражения своего мнения:
I believe that … because …
I am convinced that … as …
I strongly believe that …
Personally, I think that …
In my opnion, …
In my view, …
РЕКОММЕНДАЦИИ:
Внимательно читать, делать пометки в задании, подчеркнуть аудиторию, тему, проблему, и о чем писать в заключении
Сначала набросать 3 абзац, чтоб вывести самый удачный комментарий
Во 2 абзаце – все остальное (самую большую и маленькую не обязательно)
4 абзац - проблема + решение
Вступление
Заключение
EXAMPLES:
It is hard to deny the importance of having a good rest. I AM DOING A ROJECT on how teenagers in Zetland relax after a busy day and I have found the THE TABLE with some relevant data to illustrate some of my ideas. Below I will give my comments on the results of A SURVEY.
As ONE can see from the table, 38% of respondents prefer doing a hobby after a busy day, while eating tasty food is the least popular way of spending teenagers’ free time with only 6 % of teenagers doing it. Also, adolescents choose to spend time with their friends, sleep and walk in the open air to have a rest after a tiring day.
Looking at the figures in the table, ONE can see that spending time with friends (noted by 31% of respondents) is almost twice as popular as sleeping, which stands at 15%, and almost three times more popular than walking in the open air (noted by 10 % of respondents). It is not surprising as teenagers need communication to develop their personality.
There are some problems that can arise with ways of having a rest for teenagers. The main problem is that it is sometimes difficult to take a break from studying, and instead of relaxing, a teenager spends time thinking about what else to do later. The best solution to this problem would be going out as fresh air and change of place can help to forget about things that keep bothering you at home.
I would like to conclude by saying that relaxing is of primary importance for every teenager as it helps one to have a calmer and clearer mind which aids memory, positive thinking and concentration.
Some researchers say that nowadays people all over the world tend to lose interest in literature. The aim of the project I am currently working on is to explore why people in Zetland should study literature. As part of my project, I have found a pie chart with some data on the subject presented in the table with the results of the opinion polls.
According to the pie chart, the majority of the respondents (38%) think that one should learn literature to widen one's horizons. Only 12 % of the interviewed say that literature is worth studying in order to understand human nature.
While comparing the answers of the polled, one can notice an interesting feature. There is a substantial difference between those, who use studying literature to escape from daily routine (22%) and those, who do it to discuss books with friends (10%). This difference makes up 12%, which shows that literature is more like a hobby for individuals than for group activities
There are some problems which can arise while studying literature. One of them is that the price for paper books has increased dramatically in recent years, and not everyone can afford to buy them regularly. To solve this problem, people can borrow books from libraries or buy e-books, which are cheaper.
In conclusion, I am convinced that studying literature is of the utmost importance for everyone. It cultivates the mind and also the spirit. Literature helps us to learn more about the world we are living in.
Клише №38
Nowadays more and more people are concerned about……. and it has become an inevitable part of modern life. The aim of my project, I am currently working on, is to find out …………. (тема из задания). I have found and analysed some relevant data presented in the table\diagram\pie chart with the results of A SURVEY which I am going to comment on.
According to the data in the table\diagram\pie chart, there is a wide range of reasons why ……... (вопрос из задания). The majority of the respondents choose ______ with __%, the second most\another popular option is ______ favoured by ___% of the surveyed. Interestingly\Surprisingly, ____ is the least preferable answer (noted by ___%) and it appears to be at the bottom of the list.
The data analysis reveals that _______ by __% ( twice\three timesAS popular AS) more popular than_____ (__% and __% respectively). It might be explained by the fact that ………. _____________________________________(развернутый комментарий К ДВУМ, с объяснением ).
There are many problems that may arise with……. (из пункта плана 4). The foremost one is that _________________________________ To tackle the problem, ________ ________________
In conclusion, I am strongly convinced that ________ (из пункта плана 5) is of primary importance for _____________as it helps _____________. Moreover, ____________________ (развернутое объяснение, не элементы топика, а свое мнение!!!)
